Installation (computer programs) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Installation (or setup) of a computer program (including device drivers and plugins), is the act of making the program ready for execution. Because the process varies for each program and each computer, programs (including operating systems) often come with an installer, a specialized program responsible for doing whatever is needed for their installation. Installation may be part of a larger software deployment process. Installation typically involves code being copied/generated from the installation files to new files on the local computer for easier access by the operating system. Because code is generally copied/generated in multiple locations, uninstallation usually involves more than just erasing the program folder. For example, registry files and other system code may need to be modified or deleted for a complete uninstallation. Overview. Other programs are supplied in a form unsuitable for immediate execution and therefore need an installation procedure. Once installed, the program can be executed again and again, without the need to reinstall before each execution. Common operations performed during software installations include: These operations may require some charges or be free of charge. In case of payment, installation costs means the costs connected and relevant to or incurred as a result of installing the drivers or the equipment in the customers' premises, and includes any costs payable by the company in respect of deciding to enter into this agreement with customer. The disk may fail soon. If other hard disk are available, install windows. Awal Windows 7 Windows Vista. My harddisk had recently installed Vista but then got a problem could not boot up.
Disk May Fail Soon Vista Install DiskSome installers may attempt to trick users into installing junkware such as various forms of adware, toolbars, trialware or software of partnering companies. The installation of additional software then can simply be skipped or unchecked (this may require the user to use the . This was once usual for many programs which run on DOS, Mac OS, Atari TOS and Amiga. OS. As computing environments grew more complex and fixed hard drives replaced floppy disks, the need for tangible installation presented itself. A class of modern applications that do not need installation are known as portable applications, as they may be roamed around onto different computers and run. Similarly, there are live operating systems, which do not need installation and can be run directly from a bootable. CD, DVD, USB flash drive or loaded over the network as with thin clients. Disk May Fail Soon Vista Install DvdExamples are Amiga. OS 4. 0, various Linux distributions, Morph. OS or Mac OS versions 1. An installation process usually needs a user who attends it to make choices, such as accepting or declining an end- user license agreement (EULA), specifying preferences such as the installation location, supplying passwords or assisting in product activation. In graphical environments, installers that offer a wizard- based interface are common. Attended installers may ask users to help mitigate the errors. For instance, if the disk in which the computer program is being installed was full, the installer may ask the user to specify another target path or clear enough space in the disk. Silent installation. The reason behind a silent installation may be convenience or subterfuge. Malware is almost always installed silently. One of the reasons to use this approach is to automate the installation of a large number of systems. An unattended installation either does not require the user to supply anything or has received all necessary input prior to the start of installation. Such input may be in the form of command lineswitches or an answer file, a file that contains all the necessary parameters. Windows XP and most Linux distributions are examples of operating systems that can be installed with an answer file. In unattended installation, it is assumed that there is no user to help mitigate errors. For instance, if the installation medium was faulty, the installer should fail the installation, as there is no user to fix the fault or replace the medium. Unattended installers may record errors in a computer log for later review. Headless installation. In attended forms of headless installation, another machine connects to the target machine (for instance, via a local area network) and takes over the display output. Since a headless installation does not need a user at the location of the target computer, unattended headless installers may be used to install a program on multiple machines at the same time. Scheduled or automated installation. For instance, a system administrator willing to install a later version of a computer program that is being used can schedule that installation to occur when that program is not running. An operating system may automatically install a device driver for a device that the user connects. For example, the infamous Conficker was installed when the user plugged an infected device to their computer. Clean installation. In particular, the clean installation of an operating system is an installation in which the target disk partition is erased before installation. Since the interfering elements are absent, a clean installation may succeed where an unclean installation may fail or may take significantly longer. Network installation. This may simply be a copy of the original media but software publishers which offer site licenses for institutional customers may provide a version intended for installation over a network. Installer. Some installers are specifically made to install the files they contain; other installers are general- purpose and work by reading the contents of the software package to be installed. The differences between a package management system and an installer are: Criterion. Package manager. Installer. Shipped with. Usually, the operating system. Each computer program. Location of installation information. One central installation database. It is entirely at the discretion of the installer. It could be a file within the app's folder, or among the operating system's files and folders. At best, they may register themselves with an uninstallers list without exposing installation information. Scope of maintenance. Potentially all packages on the system. Only the product with which it was bundled. Developed by. One package manager vendor. Multiple installer vendors. Package format. One or two well- known formats. There could be as many formats as the number of apps. Package format compatibility. Can be consumed as long as the package manager supports it. Either newer versions of the package manager keep supporting it or the user does not upgrade the package manager. The installer is always compatible with its archive format, if it uses any. However, installers, like all computer programs, may be affected by software rot. Bootstrapper. To make this possible, a technique called bootstrapping is used. The common pattern for this is to use small executable files which update the installer and starts the real installation after the update. This small executable is called bootstrapper. Sometimes the bootstrapper installs other prerequisites for the software during the bootstrapping process too. Common types. An example is Install. Anywhere by Flexera Software. Windows NT family includes an installation API and an associated service called Windows Installer. Microsoft provides a bare minimum of tools required to create installers using Windows Installer in the freely available Windows SDK. Third party tools may supporting create installers using this API to speed the process. Examples include Install. Shield (Flexera Software) and Wi. X (Outercurve Foundation). Installation authoring tools that do not rely on Windows Installer include Wise Installation Studio (Wise Solutions, Inc.), Installer VISE (Mind. Vision Software), Visual Installer (Sam. Logic), NSIS, Clickteam, Inno. Setup and Install. Simple. OS X includes Installer, a native package manager. OS X also includes a separate software updating application, Software Update but only supports Apple and system software. Included in the dock as of 1. Mac App Store shares many attributes with the successful App Store for i. OS devices, such as a similar app approval process, the use of Apple ID for purchases, and automatic installation and updating. Although this is Apple's preferred delivery method for OS X. Commercial applications for OS X may also use a third- party installer, such as Mac version of Installer VISE (Mind. Vision Software) or Installer. Maker (Stuff. It). System installer. Examples of system installers on Linux are Ubiquity and Wubi for Ubuntu, Anaconda for Cent. OS and Fedora, Debian- Installer for Debian- based versions of Linux, and Ya. ST for SUSE- based projects. Another example is found in the Haiku operating system, which uses a utility called Haiku Installer to install itself onto a device after booting from a live CD or live USB.
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